Category: Blog

How common is Scoliosis?

Posted on December 2, 2023 by - Blog

Scoliosis is a condition that affects the curvature of the spine. The spine has a natural curve, backwards and forwards, but in Scoliosis the spine curves excessively from side to side.  The condition can affect people of all ages, but it is most commonly diagnosed in children and adolescents. In this blog post, we will explore how common scoliosis is and the different factors that can contribute to the development of the condition.

 

How Common is Scoliosis?

Scoliosis is a relatively common condition, with an estimated prevalence of 2-3% in the general population. This means that about 2-3 people out of 100 have some degree of scoliosis. The condition is more common in girls than boys, and it tends to run in families. According to the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS), approximately 80% of scoliosis cases have no known cause, and the condition is often diagnosed during routine school screenings. This of course isn’t the case in the UK, since school screenings are not provided!

There are different types of scoliosis, and the prevalence of the condition varies depending on the type. Idiopathic scoliosis, which is the most common type, accounts for about 80% of all cases of scoliosis. This type of scoliosis occurs for no known reason (which means that we don’t yet know why, not that there is no reason at all!) and can develop at any age – it is most commonly diagnosed in adolescents between the ages of 10 and 18.

Another type of scoliosis is congenital scoliosis, which is present at birth and is caused by abnormal spinal development. Congenital scoliosis is less common than idiopathic scoliosis and accounts for about 10% of all cases of scoliosis in children. Neuromuscular scoliosis is another type, which is caused by underlying neuromuscular conditions such as cerebral palsy. Overall, congenital cases are a much smaller percentage of cases, but it’s still a condition which is seen fairly often.

Degenerative scoliosis is also known as adult scoliosis, and it typically develops in people over the age of 50. As people age, the discs in the spine start to wear down, and the vertebrae can begin to shift and rotate, leading to scoliosis. Other factors that can contribute to the development of degenerative scoliosis include osteoporosis, arthritis, and other spinal conditions. Degenerative scoliosis is actually the most common form of Scoliosis – as many as 1 in 3 people over the age of 60 suffer from the condition.

 

Does Age Contribute to the Development of Scoliosis?

The exact cause of scoliosis is unknown, but researchers have identified certain factors that may contribute to the development of the condition. While age is one of these, it’s just one of many factors. These include:

Genetics

Scoliosis tends to run in families, which suggests that there may be a genetic component to the condition. Researchers have identified several genes that may be associated with scoliosis, but more research is needed to understand the role of genetics in the development of the condition.

Gender

Scoliosis is more common in girls than boys, particularly in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This may be due to differences in hormonal levels or the fact that girls tend to go through growth spurts earlier than boys. This difference tends to even out in adult and degenerative Scoliosis cases.

Neuromuscular conditions

Neuromuscular conditions, such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy, can also contribute to the development of scoliosis. These conditions affect the muscles and nerves that control the spine, leading to abnormal curvature.

Posture and body mechanics

Poor posture and body mechanics don’t cause Scoliosis, but they might contribute to worsening it. One group which has a particularly high incidence of Scoliosis is ballet dancers and gymnasts – one theory suggests that contorting the body as required in these activities might worsen scoliosis.

Spinal conditions

Certain spinal conditions, such as herniated discs and spinal stenosis, can also contribute to the development of scoliosis in older people. These conditions can cause the vertebrae to shift and rotate, leading to abnormal curvature.

 

 

Do Animals Get Scoliosis?

Posted on November 30, 2023 by - Blog

At the UK Scoliosis Clinic we focus on the non-surgical treatment of Scoliosis … in humans! But one of the most common questions we hear (especially from some of our younger patients!) is “Do animals get scoliosis too?” The short answer is yes, they do – and while we’re not Veterinarians here, it is both useful and interesting to take a look at Scoliosis in animals and why it matters.

 

What is Scoliosis?

Scoliosis, in case you’re not aware, is, a medical condition characterised by an abnormal curvature of the spine, everyone’s spine has a normal “backwards and forwards” curve which is important for absorbing shocks and carrying the weight of the body, however in Scoliosis the spine also curves “from side to side” which can lead to problems. Scoliosis is observed in and associated with humans – however, while our understanding of this condition in animals may not be as extensive as it is in humans, there is evidence to suggest that various species can indeed experience spinal conditions including Scoliosis.

 

Scoliosis in Humans vs. Animals

Human scoliosis is well-documented and (thanks to more prevalent screening) can now often be diagnosed early during adolescence. It can result from a variety of factors, including genetics, neuromuscular conditions, or congenital abnormalities. In animals, the situation is more complex due to the diversity of species and the limited research available. However, cases of scoliosis have been reported in both domestic and wild animals, suggesting that this condition is not exclusive to humans.

 

Evidence of Scoliosis in Animals

Veterinarians and researchers have observed instances of scoliosis in various animals, including dogs, cats, horses, and even fish. In fact, one species of fish, the Zebrafish, is one of the leading research species as we attempt to understand the genetic factors which lead to Scoliosis in the first place! In domestic pets, such as dogs and cats, scoliosis may be congenital or develop later in life due to factors like muscle imbalances or injuries.

 

Causes of Scoliosis in Animals

Understanding the causes of scoliosis in animals is challenging, as it can be influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Congenital scoliosis, present at birth, may result from genetic mutations or developmental issues during gestation. Acquired scoliosis, on the other hand, can develop later in an animal’s life due to injuries, muscle imbalances, or underlying health conditions.

Genetic factors play a crucial role in the development of scoliosis in some animal species. While it has not yet been fully proven, most Scoliosis specialists and researchers agree that Genetic factors are probably the main cause of Scoliosis in humans – at least in adolescents. In animals, the cause might be similar, but the underlying circumstances may be different – selective breeding in domesticated animals, particularly dogs and cats, may inadvertently contribute to a higher incidence of congenital spinal deformities. In wild animals, genetic predispositions to scoliosis are less understood, but researchers believe that natural selection may influence the prevalence of such conditions in certain populations.

Unfortunately, environmental factors, such as inadequate living conditions, can also contribute to the development of scoliosis in animals. For example, animals kept in cramped or restrictive environments may experience muscle imbalances or abnormal growth patterns, leading to spinal deformities. Injuries, whether from accidents or repetitive activities, can also play a role in the onset of scoliosis.

Of course, animals also age just like we do and it’s reasonable to speculate that with greater age may come a higher incidence of some kinds of Scoliosis in animals. We know that this is the case in Humans, where as many as one in three people over the age of 65 suffer from a condition known as “de-novo Scoliosis” – which is simply the result of ageing.

 

Implications for Animal Well-being

Scoliosis in animals can have significant implications for their overall health and well-being, just as it can for humans. There’s a significant lack of research here, although we can say that in domestic pets, the condition may cause discomfort, affect mobility, and impact their quality of life – of course, for many of our pets, there are services like massage and therapy which can help manage this just like in Humans!

 

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosing scoliosis in animals can be challenging, as they may not exhibit obvious symptoms until the condition is advanced. In fact, the same issue applies in humans – with Scoliosis being notoriously difficult to spot without specialised screening. Screening in Humans is easy since we have developed simple screening exercises which take less than 5 minutes to impairment – unfortunately, we don’t have the same options for animals at present, so veterinarians often rely on a combination of physical examinations, imaging studies such as X-rays, and, in some cases, genetic testing to determine the presence and severity of scoliosis.

Treatment options for scoliosis in animals vary depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In some cases, conservative management, including physical therapy and lifestyle modifications, may be sufficient to improve an animal’s comfort and mobility. For more severe cases or those with a congenital origin, surgical intervention could be considered to correct the spinal deformity.

 

So do animals get Scoliosis?

While the prevalence of scoliosis in animals may not be as well-documented as it is in humans, there is growing evidence to suggest that various species can experience spinal deformities such as Scoliosis. Genetic and environmental factors can play a role in the development of scoliosis in animals, and its implications for their well-being are significant, but like in humans, with research, we’re confident it can be managed.

As our understanding of scoliosis in animals continues to evolve, it becomes increasingly important for veterinarians, researchers, and pet owners alike to be aware of the condition and its potential impact on animal health. By recognising and addressing scoliosis in animals – just like in humans – we can work towards enhancing their quality of life and ensuring that they receive the care and attention they deserve.

 

Black Friday – FREE X-RAYS!

Posted on November 23, 2023 by - Blog

This Black Friday, the UK Scoliosis Clinic is delighted to offer you the gift of Free X-rays! We understand the importance of early detection and personalised care when it comes to scoliosis, and that’s why we’re thrilled to announce our exclusive Black Friday X-Ray Special.

Take advantage of this limited-time opportunity to receive a FREE spinal X-ray at our state-of-the-art clinic. Scoliosis affects people of all ages, and early detection is key to effective management. Our team of experienced professionals is committed to providing comprehensive assessments to ensure you receive the personalised care you deserve.

Why choose the UK Scoliosis Clinic? Our clinic boasts cutting-edge technology, compassionate staff, and a patient-centered approach to spinal health. By offering free X-rays this Black Friday, we aim to empower individuals to take proactive steps towards a healthier, straighter tomorrow.

Don’t miss out on this chance to prioritise your spinal well-being. Simply book an in-clinic consultation between 23rd and 26th November and we’ll include a full set of X-rays totally free. The X-rays are yours to keep whether you become a client of the clinic or not!

 

How fast does Scoliosis get worse?

Posted on November 9, 2023 by - Blog

Scoliosis is a progressive condition – this means it tends to worsen with age, but the speed at which it does this can vary. Scoliosis is known to accelerate during growth spurts, and worsens more quickly in young people than adults. Then again, a form of scoliosis, known as “de-novo scoliosis” is common in older adults, and can also progress quite rapidly.

Each Scoliosis case is unique, and predicting growth rates depends on factors like severity, rigidity, and family history. Broadly speaking, Juvenile scoliosis over 30 degrees can rapidly progress, usually necessitating surgery, while 21 to 30-degree curves may lead to surgery or disability if left untreated[1][2].

Acting quickly and proactively is crucial to halt scoliosis progression and correct curvature before surgery is required.

 

Don’t wait and see

Research by the British Scoliosis Society reveals that even during the consultation process, scoliosis curves can progress considerably. In a 2018 study, patients waiting for scoliosis surgery experienced rapid curve progression, with some requiring more extensive surgery than initially planned. The study included curves ranging from 17° to 90°, emphasising the need for timely intervention[3].

This shows why “wait and see” is such a bad approach to scoliosis treatment – this study alone highlighted the impact of delayed consultation, turning smaller curves into larger, more challenging cases. This is all the more important when you consider that today, with modern approach to treatment, something like a 30-degree curve has an excellent prognosis with conservative treatments like scolibrace,

 

Older Adults and Scoliosis

In general, Scoliosis in adults can be described as slightly more predictable. Adult scoliosis cases tend to progress at a steadier rate, but an additional risk arises with age – degenerative or de-novo scoliosis. Caused by wear and tear on spinal discs, this form is common among older adults, affecting about 30% of those over 60 [6].

De-novo scoliosis progresses more slowly than childhood or adolescent scoliosis but faster than the very gradual development seen after reaching skeletal maturity and before age 60. De-novo Scoliosis can significantly impact quality of life. Patients often experience back and leg pain, making walking or standing difficult. Standard conservative treatments may not provide relief, and surgery may not be an option due to conditions like osteoporosis.

For these patients, a gentle supportive brace can offer relief, helping them stand more comfortably for longer periods. Early intervention and proper treatment can make a substantial difference in managing degenerative scoliosis in older adults.

 

Conclusion

Scoliosis progression is not a linear process, it’s unpredictable and that makes taking proactive action as soon as possible all the more important. Waiting for consultation or surgery can lead to rapid and undesirable changes, turning manageable cases into more severe ones. Both young patients with progressive scoliosis and older adults facing degenerative scoliosis require proactive approaches to halt progression, manage symptoms, and improve quality of life.

 

[1] Charles YP, Daures JP, de Rosa V, Diméglio A. “Progression risk of idiopathic juvenile scoliosis during pubertal growth.” Spine. 2006 Aug 1;31(17):1933-42.

[2] H V Dabke, A Jones, S Ahuja, J Howes, P R Davies. “SHOULD PATIENTS WAIT FOR SCOLIOSIS SURGERY?” Orthopaedic Proceedings. Vol. 88-B, No. SUPP_II.

[3] Angelo G Aulisa et al. “Brace treatment in juvenile idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective study in accordance with the SRS criteria for bracing studies.” Scoliosis. 2014; 9:3. DOI: 10.1186/1748-7161-9-3.

The History Of Scoliosis Bracing

Posted on October 15, 2023 by - Blog

Today, bracing is rightly recognised as one of the most effective ways to treat Scoliosis without surgery. While bracing is not suitable in every case, research suggests that in the majority of patients bracing can at least halt the progression of a Scoliosis curve[1], and in many cases, a significant degree of correction to the curve is usually possible[2].

While bracing is only now starting to be viewed as a viable alternative to surgery (not least because the success rates for modern braces are not widely known) spinal bracing for Scoliosis is not a new idea – in fact, there have been Scoliosis braces for almost a long as there have been written records!

 

Early Bracing Techniques

Throughout history there is evidence of attempts to correct spinal conditions using bracing – for much of history, however, bracing techniques were crude and often uncomfortable. Hippocrates is thought to have been the first physician to describe the use of a wooden board to straighten a curved spine. However, this technique was not widely used until the 16th century, when Ambroise Paré, a French surgeon, developed a similar device. His device consisted of a wooden board that was wrapped around the patient’s torso and secured with leather straps. Paré believed that the device could straighten the spine by applying pressure to the curved area. Paré was clearly an intelligent man – not only was he the first to formally document the preponderance of Scoliosis in Females, his basic theory for the non-surgical treatment of the condition was essentially correct.

In the 17th century, a German physician named Lorenz Heister developed a metal brace that was designed to be worn around the torso. Heister also believed that the brace could help straighten the spine by applying constant pressure to the curved area. However, the brace was heavy, uncomfortable, and not very effective.

 

18th and 19th Century Bracing Techniques

In the 18th century, a French physician named Jean Baptiste Bouvier developed a new type of brace called the spinal brace. The spinal brace was made of metal and leather and was designed to fit snugly around the torso, providing support for the spine. Bouvier believed that scoliosis was caused by weak muscles and that the spinal brace could help strengthen these muscles and correct the curvature of the spine. However, the spinal brace was again, uncomfortable and not very effective.

In the 19th century, several other types of braces were developed to treat scoliosis. One of the most popular was the Taylor brace, which was developed by Dr Robert Taylor in 1864. The Taylor brace was made of metal and leather and was designed to fit snugly around the torso. Critically, the brace was adjustable, allowing the physician to apply pressure to specific areas of the spine. The Taylor brace was the first brace to be widely used in the United States and, in its adjustable nature was a key step towards the technology we have today.

Another brace that was developed in the 19th century was the Risser cast. The Risser cast was made of plaster and was designed to be worn around the torso. The cast was used to immobilize the spine and prevent further curvature. While the Risser cast was effective in preventing further curvature, it was uncomfortable and limited the patient’s mobility.

 

20th-Century Bracing Techniques

By the 20th century, various types of braces had already been developed – they all focused on the key goal we still have today – gently guiding the spine back into the correct alignment. What early braces lacked, however, was a material which provided enough flexibility in design to be truly effective.

One of the most significant developments of the 20th century was therefore the use of plastics in brace construction. Plastics allowed for the creation of lightweight and more comfortable braces which could be much better formed to the torso of the patient. One of the most popular of these new braces was the Boston brace, which was developed by Dr John Hall in 1972. The Boston brace was made of plastic and was designed to fit snugly around the torso, with a series of pads and straps that could be adjusted to apply pressure to specific areas of the spine. The Boston brace was more comfortable than previous braces and was effective in treating scoliosis in many patients – while the Boston brace was not often effective in reducing Scoliosis, it was the first to have a high success rate in preventing the worsening of the condition.

 

Bracing post-2000

Another significant development in scoliosis bracing – and one which brings us up to date – is the use of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies. These technologies allowed for the creation of custom-made braces that are specifically designed for each individual patient. This allowed for a more precise fit and better results. Modern plastics also allow braces to be more flexible and easy to wear than ever before.

Perhaps the most important development facilitated by CAD, however, was the introduction of “active” or “over corrective” braces – such as the ScoliBrace that we offer here at the clinic. The precision offered by computer-aided design and manufacture makes it possible to produce a brace which actually opposes scoliosis – therefore actually correcting the curve over time rather than just trying to stop its progression.

 

Learn more about Bracing

As you can see, modern braces such as the ScoliBrace are a refinement of literally hundreds of years of thought on Scoliosis – inventors and doctors have been aware of the way to treat Scoliosis without surgery for hundreds of years, but it’s only now that we finally have the technology to make this a reality. If you’d like to learn more about scoliosis and Scoliosis bracing, why not sign up for our free information series here.

 

 

[1] ‘Effects of Bracing in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis’   [Results of the BrAIST Clinical Trial]
Stuart L. Weinstein, Lori A. Dolan, James G. Wright, and Matthew B. Dobbs, N Engl J Med 2013; 369:1512-1521 October 17, 2013DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1307337

‘Idiopathic scoliosis patients with curves more than 45 Cobb degrees refusing surgery can be effectively treated through bracing with curve improvements’
Negrini S, Negrini F, and Zaina F, 2011, Spine J. 2011 May;11(5):369-80. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2010.12.001. Epub 2011 Feb 2.

 

[2] ‘Brace treatment in juvenile idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective study in accordance with the SRS criteria for bracing studies – SOSORT award 2013 winner‘
Angelo G Aulisa, Vincenzo Guzzanti, Emanuele Marzetti,Marco Giordano, Francesco Falciglia and Lorenzo Aulisa, Scoliosis 2014 9:3 DOI: 10.1186/1748-7161-9-3

 

When Is It Too Late To Correct Scoliosis?

Posted on October 3, 2023 by - Blog

Scoliosis is a 3-Dimensional alteration to the structure of the spine, involving a sideways bend and twist it affects millions of people worldwide. While it is commonly associated with adolescence, scoliosis can develop at any age. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing the condition effectively. However, many people wonder, “When is it too late to correct scoliosis?” In this blog, we will explore the possibilities of treating scoliosis at different stages of life and shed light on the importance of timely intervention.

 

Childhood and Adolescent

Scoliosis often manifests during childhood and adolescence, as the rapid growth spurts during these stages exacerbates spinal deformities. Detecting scoliosis early, allows for conservative treatment options such as observation, bracing, or specialised exercise systems. In most cases, correcting scoliosis is easier during this period, as the skeletal system is still growing and flexible and it is easier to control the growth of the spine. Non-surgical interventions can help prevent the progression of the curvature and minimize its impact on the individual’s quality of life. Therefore, it is vital for parents, educators, and healthcare professionals to be vigilant and screen children for scoliosis regularly.

 

Adulthood

But what happens if scoliosis goes undetected or untreated during childhood? Is it ever too late to correct the condition? While it is true that the optimal time for intervention is during childhood, scoliosis treatment can still be beneficial in adulthood. The goals of treatment shift slightly, focusing more on pain management, improving function, and preventing further curvature progression. Conservative approaches such as physical therapy, chiropractic care, and exercise can help alleviate discomfort and strengthen the surrounding muscles. In some cases, orthotic devices or spinal braces may also provide support and stability. By the time a person has reached adulthood, their spine is probably too rigid to actually correct the Scoliotic curve – however, it’s usually possible to stop the curve from progressing and getting any worse.

 

Later Life

Scoliosis – Specifically a form known as “de-novo” or “degenerative” scoliosis occurs frequently in the over 65’s. This is different from adult cases of Scoliosis since here the scoliosis starts to develop where it did not previously exist. The chances for correcting De-novo Scoliosis are low since the degeneration of the spine which causes the condition is due to ageing and sadly that cannot be prevented!

Intervention with bracing or exercised-based therapy can slow progression considerably, and in many cases will give people the ability to remain upright, independent and active, whereas they may otherwise struggle.

 

Conclusion

In summary, it is never too late to address scoliosis, although early detection and intervention are ideal.

Timely treatment during childhood and adolescence can prevent progression and reduce the need for more invasive measures later in life. However, even in adulthood, conservative treatments and, if necessary, surgical interventions can provide relief, improve function, and enhance the quality of life. The key lies in seeking professional help, staying informed, and embracing the support available to manage the physical, emotional, and psychological aspects of scoliosis. Remember, it’s never too late to take control and seek the best possible outcomes for a life with scoliosis.

 

Does Scoliosis Make You Tired?

Posted on September 17, 2023 by - Blog

Scoliosis is a condition characterised by an abnormal curvature, affects millions of people worldwide. While the physical symptoms of scoliosis are well-known, such as spinal deformity and back pain (and even this has only recently been acknowledged!), there is a lesser-known concern associated with this condition: fatigue. In this blog post, we will explore the connection between scoliosis and tiredness, examining the factors that may contribute to fatigue in individuals living with scoliosis.

 

What is Scoliosis?

Scoliosis can occur at any age, although it is commonly diagnosed during adolescence. The exact cause of scoliosis remains unknown in most cases, with factors like genetics, muscle imbalances, and growth abnormalities playing a role. The curvature of the spine can vary in severity and individuals may experience different symptoms depending on the degree of their condition. While back pain is a prevalent complaint, some individuals with scoliosis also report feeling tired or fatigued more frequently.

 

The Impact of Posture and Muscular Imbalances

One of the primary reasons scoliosis may lead to fatigue is the impact it has on posture and the creation of muscular imbalances. The curvature of the spine can cause an imbalance in the muscles surrounding the spine, leading to strained muscles and increased effort required to maintain proper posture. The body’s attempt to compensate for the spinal curvature can put additional stress on muscles, resulting in fatigue. The misalignment of the spine can also affect the position of the ribs and restrict the expansion of the chest, potentially affecting lung capacity and oxygen intake, further contributing to tiredness. With larger curves, it’s not usual for a person’s functional capacity (that is to say their ability to move about freely) to be reduced.

 

Pain and Discomfort

It has only recently been realised that pain is a common complaint among individuals with scoliosis. The constant strain on the back muscles and the pressure exerted on the nerves can result in discomfort that hinders daily activities and disrupts sleep. Persistent pain can lead to disturbed sleep patterns, reduced quality of rest, and subsequent daytime tiredness. Additionally, the emotional toll of living with chronic pain can also contribute to fatigue, as individuals with scoliosis may experience increased stress and anxiety, which further impact their energy levels and overall well-being. Of course, these issues are not unique to individuals with Scoliosis – back pain is one of the major causes of stress and discomfort worldwide!

 

Limited Physical Activity and Endurance

Scoliosis can restrict movement and physical activity, particularly in cases of severe curvature. The limitations imposed by the condition may prevent individuals from engaging in regular exercise or participating in activities that require prolonged physical effort. Lack of physical activity can result in reduced muscle strength, decreased cardiovascular fitness, and diminished endurance, leading to increased fatigue during everyday tasks. Regular exercise and physical therapy tailored to address the specific needs of individuals with scoliosis can help improve stamina and energy levels.

 

Psychological Impact

The psychological impact of scoliosis should not be overlooked when considering its potential to cause fatigue. Dealing with a visible deformity and the social and emotional challenges it may bring can be exhausting. Body image concerns, self-consciousness, and the stress associated with managing the condition can all contribute to a sense of tiredness. Coping with scoliosis often requires emotional resilience, and seeking support from friends, family, or mental health professionals can be beneficial in managing the psychological impact and reducing fatigue.

 

Scoliosis and fatigue

While scoliosis primarily affects the physical structure of the spine, its impact on an individual’s energy levels and overall well-being should not be disregarded. It would not be accurate to say that the condition itself causes tiredness, however living with the condition may well have this impact. Factors such as posture and muscular imbalances, pain and discomfort, limited physical activity, and the psychological toll can all contribute to fatigue in individuals with scoliosis. Recognising and addressing these factors through appropriate treatments, including physical therapy, pain management strategies, and emotional support, can make a huge difference to the quality of life, and energy level of an individual with Scoliosis.

 

 

 

Online Consultations – Which X-Rays Do I Need?

Posted on August 22, 2023 by - Blog

X-rays are critical for diagnosing and managing Scoliosis. They are used to diagnose scoliosis by taking an image of the spine from different angles, which allows specialists to measure the degree of curvature, identify the location and type of scoliosis, and track the progression of the condition over time. For scoliosis to be diagnosed, there must be a measurable curve in the spine which is over 10 degree’s.

X-rays are also used to monitor the effectiveness of scoliosis treatment, during bracing or exercised based therapy, X-rays are used to monitor the response of the curve to treatment, and adapt the treatment plan to ensure that the spine is responding as expected.

Which X-Rays do I need?

If you’re planning on booking an online consultation at the UK Scoliosis Clinic, it can be very helpful to have an X-ray to send us. You don’t have to have one – but as you can imagine we can give you better information if you do have one to hand. While those who attend the clinic in person can have X-rays taken here, those attending remotely will often need to arrange their own X-rays, or at least request copies from their medical doctor or hospital. So which ones are most useful from a Scoliosis point of view?

The correct type of X-ray to request for a Scoliosis consultation is a standing full spine X-ray taken at 180cm focal distance. Typically, two X-ray images are needed: one from the back (posterior-anterior or PA view) and one from the side (lateral view). It is also important to make sure that the pelvis and hips are in the images. Laying on your back x-rays are not accurate for scoliosis diagnosis and measurement, as they do not allow for the effect of gravity on the curve when standing.

The two X-ray images provide healthcare professionals with crucial information to measure the degree of curvature of the spine. The Cobb angle is the most commonly used method for measuring the degree of curvature and is calculated by adding the slant/slope of the most tilted vertebrae at the top and most tilted vertebrae at the bottom of the curve together. A Cobb angle of 10 degrees or less is considered within the normal range, whereas a Cobb angle of 10-25 degrees is classified as mild scoliosis, 25-40 degrees is moderate scoliosis, and 40 degrees or more is severe scoliosis.

As you can imagine, having the ability to determine the Cobb angle is a critical aspect of a Scoliosis diagnosis, and this is why having an X-ray to have for your consultation allows us to provide you with much more certainty.  To confirm the diagnosis of structural scoliosis we need to confirm a Cobb angle of 10 degrees or more, combined with vertebral rotation. Without X-rays, we can still give a professional opinion – however, especially for smaller curves an X-ray is often the most important item to have so far as diagnosis is concerned.

 

If you don’t have X-Rays

If you don’t have X-rays you’re still more than welcome to book an online consultation – there’s still a great deal of advice we can give even without X-rays, however, if you can get your hands on an X-ray it’s a huge advantage.

If this is an issue for you, we would recommend that you consider an in-clinic consultation instead, if possible. At the clinic, your appointment can include a full set of Diagnostic X-rays utilising our state-of-the-art digital X-ray machine, allowing Scoliosis to be definitely diagnosed and understood. You will also receive a digital copy of your X-rays to take away.

Our in-clinic consultations are generally the most suitable for those who are concerned that they may have scoliosis but do not have X-rays or other documentation to rule the condition in, or out. It’s also ideal for those who know they have Scoliosis and are actively looking to take up non-surgical treatment or are wanting to change treatment, perhaps from another provider.

 

Diet and Scoliosis

Posted on August 12, 2023 by - Blog

Scoliosis is a condition characterised by an abnormal curvature of the spine. While there is no definitive cure for scoliosis, various treatment approaches aim to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. In addition to medical interventions, there is growing interest in the role of diet in supporting overall health for individuals with scoliosis. While diet can have a role in promoting overall health and its optimisation may be a valuable part of a treatment program, it’s important to remember that dietary choices themselves cannot cause or cure Scoliosis.

 

Understanding Scoliosis

Scoliosis affects people of all ages, and its causes can be diverse. In some cases, scoliosis is congenital or results from spinal abnormalities present at birth. Other cases develop during adolescence and the most common form is called adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), where the exact cause remains unknown/multifactorial. While genetics and factors such as growth spurts and hormonal changes may contribute to scoliosis, the exact triggers are still under investigation.

 

The Role of Diet in Scoliosis Management

One of the most important questions around diet and scoliosis, is whether a specific diet can prevent or even cause Scoliosis. Unfortunately, the answer is that there’s no absolute evidence that either is true.

Although diet alone isn’t a tool for managing Scoliosis, there is some evidence to suggest a correct diet may help in slowing the progression of scoliosis. At least one study has noted that many idiopathic scoliosis patients also have lower selenium levels than normal.[1]  It has also been suggested that osteoporosis may be a factor in worsening of scoliotic curves when vertebrae collapse, and there are dietary modifications which can be made to help avoid osteoporosis. Therefore, while diet alone cannot reverse or correct the spinal curvature associated with scoliosis, it can play a vital role in supporting overall health, managing symptoms, and minimizing potential complications. A wholefoods balanced diet providing essential nutrients, is crucial for maintaining strong bones, muscles, and connective tissues.

This means that there are certain aspects of a diet which may be worth considering as part of an overall treatment program. Vitamin D is an important nutrient that helps prevent osteoporosis and enhances absorption of calcium.  Sources of vitamin D include cereal, saltwater fish and eggs. Calcium is a critical for building bone mass – this is the case in anyone, but might be especially important in a Scoliosis sufferer. In the long term, regular calcium consumption during childhood helps prevent osteoporosis during late adulthood, which may slow the development of scoliosis. Examples of calcium sources include yogurt, skim cheeses and one percent or skim milk. Broccoli and orange juice also contain calcium.

Calcium and vitamin D are particularly important for skeletal health. Consuming foods rich in Vitamin D, which aids in calcium absorption an be obtained through sun exposure and dietary sources like fatty fish, egg yolks, and fortified cereals.

Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts, have anti-inflammatory properties that may help reduce pain and inflammation associated with scoliosis. Including a variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in the diet provides essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, supporting overall health and well-being.

 

Other Dietary Considerations for Scoliosis

While no specific diet plan exists exclusively for scoliosis, individuals with this condition may benefit from certain dietary considerations. Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial as being underweight is linked with scoliosis development, while excess weight can exacerbate spinal stress. Adopting a   well-balanced, nutrient dense, calorie-controlled diet can help achieve and maintain a healthy weight, thus strengthen the spine and reduce the stress placed upon it.

Additionally, some individuals with scoliosis may choose to explore an anti-inflammatory diet. This approach focuses on reducing inflammation in the body by avoiding processed foods, refined sugars, and unhealthy fats. Instead, emphasis is placed upon whole, nutrient-dense foods, including fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats. This diet promotes overall well-being and may help manage pain and inflammation associated with scoliosis.

 

Diet and Scoliosis

While diet cannot cure scoliosis, it can play a supportive role in managing symptoms and promoting overall health. A balanced diet rich in essential nutrients, including calcium, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids, can help maintain bone health, reduce inflammation and support overall well-being for individuals with scoliosis. But always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and guidance.

 

 

[1]Yalaki, Zahide et al. Investigation of Serum Levels of Selenium, Zinc, and Copper in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis Dicle Medical Journal / Dicle Tip Dergisi. 2017, Vol. 44 Issue 1, p35-41. 7p.

Why Is Every Scoliosis Case Different?

Posted on August 1, 2023 by - Blog

Scoliosis is a condition that affects the spine, causing it to curve in an abnormal way. While scoliosis is not an especially uncommon condition –  affecting around 3% of the younger population – rising to 33% of the older age groups –  each case is unique, making it difficult to predict the course of treatment or the potential outcome. You’ll often hear Scoliosis professionals remark that “every Scoliosis is different” – and indeed, it’s why clinics like the UK Scoliosis Clinic stress the need for a totally individual treatment plan for each patient – but why is this?  Let’s take a look at some key factors.

 

Age

Age plays a significant role in determining the type of scoliosis an individual is likely to have. Children who are born with scoliosis often have what is known as congenital scoliosis. This type of scoliosis is caused by an abnormality in the development of the spine during fetal development. On the other hand, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common type of scoliosis that affects young people between the ages of 10 and 18. This type of scoliosis is more common in girls and can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics and hormonal changes during puberty.

Adult scoliosis is also different from adolescent scoliosis. As individuals age, their spines naturally undergo changes that can lead to scoliosis. Degenerative scoliosis is a type of scoliosis that affects older adults, usually over the age of 50. This type of scoliosis is caused by the wear and tear of the spine, which can cause the vertebrae to shift and twist, leading to a curvature of the spine.

Does this mean that everyone over 18 has degenerative Scoliosis? Nope! Scoliosis can also be the result of an injury, or, more commonly than you may think – could be an undiagnosed case from childhood which did not progress very quickly.

 

Severity

Another major factor when it comes to treating scoliosis is the severity of the curvature. Mild cases of scoliosis may be barely noticeable without proper screening, while more severe cases can cause significant pain and discomfort. The severity of the curvature also determines the course of treatment. Mild cases of scoliosis may be treatable with exercise-based approaches, whereas more significant curves are better candidates for bracing.

 

Location

The location of the curvature is also important when it comes to scoliosis. The most common location for scoliosis to occur is in the thoracic spine (the upper back). However, scoliosis can also occur in the lumbar spine (the lower back) or in the cervical spine (the neck). The location of the curvature can affect the type of symptoms an individual experiences, as well as the potential complications that can arise. What’s more, it’s not uncommon for a Scoliotic curve to cause a secondary compensatory curve elsewhere in the spine.

 

Treatment Preference and Lifestyle

Treatment for scoliosis also varies from person to person. Generally, we can say that mild cases of scoliosis may benefit from an exercise-based approach while more severe cases may require surgery or bracing.  This being said, treatment preference also matters – for example, while bracing is often recommended for individuals with moderate to severe scoliosis, many parents of children with curves which could be treated with exercise-based approaches may prefer to opt for part-time bracing. The reason here is entirely clear to any parent – getting a child to perform exercises accurately, every day is a big ask. Getting them to simply put a brace on for a period of time might not be easy, but many parents feel it’s more realistic.

Some older adults also prefer the passive nature of bracing over exercise – while we’re quick to bring up children when we think about the discipline required for exercise-based approaches to pay dividends many adults with busy working schedules also find it hard to find time – so, throwing on a brace in the evening and allowing it to do its work can be a great alternative.

 

Complications and Impacts

Scoliosis is unusual in that the degree to which it impacts people’s lives tends to vary considerably – what’s more, the degree of impact does not always nearly correlate with the degree of curvature.  For some individuals, scoliosis may not cause any significant complications, while for others, it can lead to chronic pain, reduced mobility, and even respiratory problems. The severity and location of the curvature, as well as the age and overall health of the individual, will all play a role in determining the potential complications of scoliosis.

 

Spinal Rotation

 

While the main hallmark of scoliosis is the “S” shaped “side-to-side” curve apparent in the spine when viewed from behind, Scoliosis almost always comes with an additional degree of spinal rotation. The degree of spinal rotation is therefore yet another factor that makes each scoliosis case unique.

Spinal rotation can affect the way the body looks and functions, and can also contribute to pain and discomfort. The degree of spinal rotation can be measured through imaging tests such as X-rays or MRIs. Understanding the degree of spinal rotation is important in determining the best course of treatment, as this also needs to be addressed.

 

Flexibility

The flexibility of the spine is also important in determining the course of treatment for scoliosis. A flexible spine is more responsive to non-surgical treatments such as bracing, while a rigid spine may be a better candidate for surgical intervention. The flexibility of the spine can be assessed through physical examination and imaging tests and can help healthcare providers determine the best course of treatment for each individual. In some cases, exercises and physical therapy can be used to increase spinal flexibility and improve the effectiveness of non-surgical treatments.

Flexibility correlates closely with age, but it’s possible to find a young person with a very inflexible spine or an older teenager with a very flexible one. By the time a person has reached skeletal maturity, the spine is typically too inflexible for any significant improvement in the curvature (without surgery) but there’s still much that can be done to prevent a curve from worsening.

 

Scoliosis is Always Unique

 

As you can see, Scoliosis is never the same in two different patients. It therefore follows that when developing a plan to combat Scoliosis, each treatment approach should be closely related to the specific nature of each patient’s exact Scoliosis.

This means that in order to be effective, a patient’s treatment plan should be individualised down to the fine details, and must be flexible to adapt to changes. At the UK scoliosis clinic, our specialists have a wide variety of treatment methods from which to choose, these range from scoliosis-specific exercises to bracing with our scolibrace system or even simple preventative exercise regimes. When you join the UK scoliosis clinic as a client, we take a long-term view of your treatment – designing a totally customised treatment plan for now, and the future. What’s more, we constantly monitor your progress (at our clinic, or online!) so we can make any changes to your plan as required.

To learn more, why not book a consultation today!